This study was aimed to investigated the relationship between the daily average of meteorological parameters (MP), and the daily average (DA) of air pollutant concentrations (PC) (including particulate matter (PM)). In this study, the DA of air PC, such as carbon monoxide (CO) and sulphur dioxide (SO 2), was measured during heavy traffic in the summer season for five different locations throughout 2017, and comparison made with results similarly obtained in 2012. The particulate matter sample has been collected for the same period. The daily average meteorological parameters (MP) such as temperature (T), atmospheric pressure (AP), wind direction (WD), wind speed (WS) and relative humidity (RH) were measured and collected from the Directorate of Meteorology and Seismology Instrument at DC during the same period. The microstructure and morphology of the particles have been investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and reflected light microscopy (RLM). The chemical composition of the particles has been studied using energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) and atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). The EDX analysis shows that silicon and calcium were found to be the most abundant elements in the dust particles. Mineralogical characterization was carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD), and results of which indicate the presence of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3).

In this work, a simple method for producing Perovskite solar cells [PSCs] by recycling automobile batteries is used. Trying to get rid of some structures or materials which are harm to the environment (ie recycled car batteries) by using lead [Pb] sheets from those battery. Also, by reusing car batteries we will avoid the disposal of toxic battery elements and provide an alternative technique, readily-available Pb source for fabricating PSCs. Perovskite solar cells [PSCs] were prepared by two-step spin coating solution method grown on the FTO glass substrate. The organo-halide PSCs consists of four layers over FTO glass substrate. Lead iodide (PbI2) and methyl-ammonium iodide (CH3NH3I) used to form the structure of the precursor (CH3NH3PbI3) by the above-mentioned coating method. The photovoltaic performance of PSCs was investigated, together with the stability of PSCs, and the effect of annealing temperature of PRK layer on performance of PSCs. Characterization of PSCs achieved by using X-ray diffraction, SEM, and Spectrophotometer techniques. The effect of annealing on the optical properties of MAPbI3 films were studied by measuring spectral transmittance. The energy band gap value of the MAPbI3 film was found to be 1.60 eV.

Nowadays, people are more concerned about the environment. Environmental protection laws have become more stringent. Hence, employing environmental friendly methods in the food industry has become necessary. Food Quality Assurance (FQA) plays an important role in all this. Food being an important element of life, the regulatory agencies has also put in place stringent requirements for its safety and quality. With the development in technology, various methods for food processing have emerged. Also Quality monitoring and guarantee ensures that the chemicals are within the specified limits in any food product. The research has been conducted at Directorate of Ibrahim Khalil border (IKB) between Iraq and Turkey. Quality Control (QC) at IKB has been regularly monitored and facilitated the export and import of food stuff across the border through Food Quarantine Laboratories (QL) and Food inspection Unit. This research conducted in order to have an idea about import inspection, monitoring program, and certification and import permission, as well as to ensure the safety and quality of food supply in the markets of Iraq.

The present study is an attempt to assess and to find out the impact of human activities during the festival of Nawruz in Duhok City in Iraq. The study was conducted to determine the trends and variations of noise levels at various areas of the City. Noise levels were monitored during Nawruz Festival with the help of sound level meter. The results of noise monitoring show an enhanced pressure of noise during the festival of Nawruz. The average noise level on festive day show a rise of more than 20% compared to non-festive day. It was found that the noise level was higher as comparison to the standard limit of noise.

In this work (Mo-Cu)-black coatings on Ni-plated Cu substrates have been prepared by. electrooeposition. Their stability and durability has been investigated. The durability tests were c .ao'ied out in two forms; accelerated ageing, and weathering. Reflectance measurements were used to evamate both solar absorptance (t~) and thermal emittance (e) of the coatings. The coatings have been cnaracterised before and after durability testing, using spectrophotome.try together with other techniques, such as electron microscopy, X-rays, and ion'beam. The mare degradation modes of these coatings are toss ot water, diffusion ofthetai atoms, and oxidation. (Mo-Cu)-lSlack coatings undergo some changes in tx and e during outdoor ageing.

Optical and microstructural properties of electrodeposited molybdenum-copper (Mo-Cu) black coatings have been studied with reference to their selectivity in absorption of solar radiation. Such coatings were found to have a solar absorptance, α, about 0.87 and low thermal emittance, ɛ, such that the selectivity, α/ɛ, was 3.6. Electrodeposited molybdenum-black coatings generally have selectivity α/ɛ∼3. The oxidation state of molybdenum in (Mo-Cu) black coatings as determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is about + 5 (which is fairly close to that of Mo4O11). Large numbers of irregular particles were found on the surface of molybdenum-copper black coatings. There is evidence that the particles contain copper oxide

Addition of CuSO4 to the molybdenum black plating bath gave a selectivity factor value α/ε of 3.6, when α = 0.87. It was observed that the properties of these coatings depend on the deposition conditions and bath composition. Coatings of higher selectivity factor (α/ε = 5, when α = 0.87) could be obtained by using an intermediate layer of bright nickel instead of dull nickel. The microstructure of the electrodeposited coatings consists of relatively flat, smooth, irregular platelets with prominent fissures. The coatings have irregularly shaped particles on the surface and consist mainly of molybdenum oxide