Diarylidene acetones (DAA) (1-5) had been prepared by the condensation of acetone with substituted benzaldehydes via Claisen- Schmidt reaction, DAA’s brought to condense with anthrone to afford the title compounds (6-10) through Michael addition. The structures of the products were suggested in the light of spectral data (UV, IR, 1H&13C-NMR).

In his study activated carbon was prepared from Helhelok stones as a raw material by using chemical activation with zinc chloride (ZnCl2) as a chemical agent with the concentration 40% for 25h at (25⁰C±2). The optimum conditions were approved in having carbonization temperature 400ᵒC for 1h to get a maximum percentage of yield 56%. Other properties of the prepared activated carbon were also studied such as pH, ash content, density, moisture content, conductivity, iodine number and methylene blue dye absorbance. Eventually the prepared activated carbon in this work has obtained good characteristics that make it play an essential role in industrial uses and compared it with commercial standard sample from B. D. H Company.

The present work includes the preparation of series of 2-Arylidine-1-tetralone (1-4) by reaction of 1-tetralone with some substituted benzaldehydes. Then the preparation of Schiff bases by reaction of benzyl amine with substituted benzaldehydes (5-9). The condensation of 2-Arylidine-1-tetralone (1-4) with Schiff base (5-9) in a strong medium to afford the new pyrrolidine [3] spiro [2`]-1`-tetralone (10-29). The structures of products were identified by physical and spectroscopic methods.

Semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) microspheres of Sodium alginate (NaAlg) and Gelatin were prepared and cross-linked with glutaraldehyde by using emulsification/solvent-evaporation method to deliver Diltiazem HCl as a model of drug. Diltiazem HCl was successfully loaded into NaAlg-Gelatin microspheres in different ratios of NaAlg and Gelatin. The prepared microspheres were characterized by Fourier Transmission Infrared Microscopy (FT-IR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The effects of different process parameters, like percentage of polymers, swelling behavior and in vitro drug release of microspheres in different phosphate buffer solutions pH (7.1and3.9) were studied. The models of kinetics of releasing drug were investigated by using different types of mechanisms (Zero-order, First order, Higuchi’s model and Hixson-Crowell model).

Series of substituted heterocyclic Chalcones 3-aryl-1-(thiophen-2-yl) prop-2-en-1-one 1-9 had been prepared by using Claisen-Schmidt condensation. In addition, series of substituted Schiff bases Narylidene benzylamines 10-13 were prepared by the condensation of benzyl amine with various substituted aromatic aldehydes. The reaction of the above materials occurred through 1,3-anionic cycloaddition of azallyl anion of Schiff bases which acted as a nucleophile to the double bond of chalcones afforded the corresponding heterocycles (pyrrolidines 14-24). Spectral data and some physical properties were used to support the structures of the new products. The antibacterial activity of some prepared compounds were tested through its Inhibition effects on two kinds of bacteria.

Many biomedical applications including controlled drug delivery systems have been developed based on hydrogel technologies. Different composite hydrogels including synthetic and natural polymers can be produced to controllable systems in drug deliver application. In this study, poly vinyl alcohol (PVA)-Gelatin hydrogel membranes were prepared by the esterification reaction between hydroxyl groups of PVA and carboxyl groups of Gelatin to deliver Captopril as a model of drug. Captopril was successfully loaded into PVA-Gelatin hydrogel membrane in different ration of Gelatin (10:1, 10:2, 10:3, 10:4, 10:5, 10:6, 10:7, and 10:8). The prepared hydrogel membranes were characterized by Fourier Transforms Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The effects of different process parameters, like percentage of Gelatin, size distribution, swelling behavior and in vitro drug releasing from hydrogel membrane in different phosphate buffer solutions pH (7.1 and 3.9) were studied. The models of kinetics of releasing drug were investigated by using different types of mechanisms (Zero-order, First order, Higuchi’s model and Korsmeyer-Peppas Model).