This study investigated the physiological effects of noise pollution and academic stress on high school students, focusing on hormonal and cardiovascular responses. This study was conducted in Zakho, Kurdistan Region of Iraq, the study involved 60 students (15–18 years) from Haval (boys) and Payvin (girls) High Schools. Noise levels were measured in three phases: control (quiet garden), pre-exam (high stress), and post-exam (reduced stress). Results showed a significant increase in noise levels during exams, with pre-exam means of 94.3 ± 0.05 dB (p < 0.05) compared to the control (73.64 ± 0.03 dB). Cortisol levels rose sharply in both genders, peaking at 19.5 ± 1.03 µg/dL (males) and 21.1 ± 2.3 µg/dL (females) during exams (p = 0.003 and p = 0.005, respectively). Systolic blood pressure increased significantly in males (131.8 ± 3.6 mmHg, p = 0.008) and females (126.2 ± 2.21 mmHg, p = 0.039), while caloric expenditure surged by 51% in males (2380 ± 77.12 cal, p = 0.004) and 11% in females (1954 ± 38.03 cal, p = 0.025). Body composition changes, though less pronounced, included elevated body fat post-exam in males (15.96 ± 3.3%, p = 0.65) and increased muscle content in females (75.22 ± 2.31%, p = 0.06). The findings highlight critical environmental stressors, stress as noise pollution, impairing academic stress and triggering measurable physiological disruptions. These results advocate for noise-mitigation strategies in schools to safeguard student health and academic performance.

Background Bone health disparities between genders play a key role in osteoporosis risk, especially among older adults. Comparative research on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) across genders is vital for tailored prevention strategies. Objective(s): This research examined gender-based differences in BMD and BMC using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and assessed related osteopenia and osteoporosis risks. Methods A cross-sectional study analyzed 143 adult participants (30 men, 113 women). DXA scans evaluated BMC, BMD, T-scores, and Z-scores at multiple skeletal sites. Gender comparisons were statistically analyzed. Results Men had significantly greater BMC (1.40±0.22 kg vs. 1.11±0.37 kg, p < 0.0001) and BMD (0.84±0.10 g/cm² vs. 0.71±0.12 g/cm², p < 0.0001) than women. T-scores reflected osteopenia/osteoporosis risk in both groups, though women showed poorer outcomes (-2.85±2.97 vs. -2.54±0.60, p < 0.001). Z-scores further indicated elevated osteopenia risk in women (-1.55±1.17 vs. -2.09±0.58). Conclusion Women exhibited markedly lower BMD and BMC than men, underscoring their increased vulnerability to bone deterioration. Gender-focused interventions are essential for reducing osteoporosis risk.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is an important diagnostic technique that uses powerful magnetic fields to generate detailed images of the human body. The aim of this study is to investigate to how static magnetic fields (SMF) affect the levels of trace elements and biochemical parameters in MRI staff’ blood serum. This study examines the impacts of these exposures of 18 participants (9 males and 9 females) aged between 25 and 60.on the levels of trace elements in the blood serum and the biochemical parameters of the MRI staff at Azadi Teaching Hospital in Duhok and Zakho General Hospital-Bidari in Zakho City. Eighteen participants, consisting of nine males and nine females aged between 25 and 60, were selected from these hospitals. The researchers obtained blood samples and conducted analysis to determine the presence of trace elements (sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride) as well as numerous biochemical markers. The results showed that potassium and calcium levels increased with age, and older females had considerable deviations. Chloride levels exhibited a significant increase with age in both males and females. Glucose, creatinine, uric acid, and urea levels showed an increase with age, suggesting the possible damage to kidney function caused by continuous exposure to MRI. Increased levels of liver enzymes (GPT, GOT, ALP) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were noticed, particularly in older females, indicating potential liver and thyroid dysfunction. These results highlight the importance of applying strict safety protocols and conducting regular health assessments for MRI personnel to minimize the possible hazards.

In this work, the plasma glow discharge characteristics of nitrogen gas will be studied and analyzed at different pressures, and we will study the effect of these pressures on the I-V curve, the Panchen curve, the I-P curve, the current-voltage curve, and their effect on the electrical conductivity of the generated plasma. The distance between the glow electrodes was (15.5) cm. The pressures that were used in this work were (0.025, 0.05, 1.5, 5) T. The results indicated that the discharge was operating in the atypical glow region. On the other hand, the discharge current decreased as the gas pressure increased. On the other hand. Also, the conductivity decreased in its values with the increase in applied pressure as well as the voltage of the plasma focus.

Hollow anode argon glow discharge plasma has been investigated experimentally at different argon gas pressure from constant discharge current. A sufficient high voltage has been applied among the electrodes to obtain breakdown. Firstly, we studied the influence of hollow anode diameter on the breakdown voltage and Paschens law. The inner diameters of hollow anodes used in our work were (10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40) mm. Secondly under the same conditions we extended our study to measure some plasma parameters in the negative glow region using direct current argon glow discharge. The temperature and density of electrons in the negative glow were measured using double probes. From the (Ip-Vp) characteristics of double probes, we obtained plasma parameters by using computer MATLAB program. The results showed that the measured Pashence's curve closes to the well-known theoretical Pashence's law. The breakdown voltage and its minimum value decreased with increasing the hollow anode diameter. The Paschen’s curve became wide and shifted to lower pressure with increasing the diameter. The reduction area of hollow anode caused dens and luminous intensity of plasma to occur in the negative glow region. Increasing the diameter resulted in decreasing the temperature and density of electron

the present study reports the results of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy treatment for renal and ureteral stones in duhok city. the data were collected from the center of breakdown kidney stones in duhok hospital. there were a total of 40 patients (25 males and 15 females) aged from 20 to60 years old. the patients harboring (23 renal and 17 ureteral) stones of size ranged from ....

We want to review the Paradoxes in quantum mechanics and show that despite the large number of interpretations and ideas in Quantum Mechanics, Quantum Three variant Loic (QTL) solves the quantum well-known paradoxes.

This paper presents a new system for measuring water conductivity as a function of electrophysical property (admittance). The system is cheap and its manufacturing is easy. In addition, it does not require any sort of electrolysis and calibration. The system consists of four electrodes made of silver (Ag 92.5 g to Cu 7.5 g) fixed in a plastic tube filled by water which allows the use of two and four electrode setups. The admittance (reciprocal of impedance) was measured for different water sources (distilled, rainfall, mineral, river and tap water) using different frequencies between 50 Hz and 100 kHz. These measurements were taken twice, first with four electrodes and then with two electrodes of two modes (inner and outer electrodes). The results showed good correlation between the measured admittance and the conductivity of all the water sources and the best correlation was found at low frequencies between 50 Hz and 20 kHz. The highest efficiency can be achieved by using the four electrode system which allows circumventing the effect of the electrode impedance. This result makes the system efficient compared to traditional conductivity meters which usually require high frequencies for good operation.