2024-08

2024 International Conference on Sustainable Technologies in Civil and Environmental Engineering (ICSTCE 2024)

The article seeks to thoroughly review the published literature and diverse awareness regarding natural waste including agricultural residues and food debris. Attention is drawn to current-day techniques of natural waste recovery. The concept of natural waste and the developed new ways of recovery are reviewed to promote knowledge transfer of modern green technologies for sustainable society and new processes that may be incorporated as a starting step or intermediate step during recovery of agro-industrial residues for better production of added-value products. The approach is directed toward maximizing the value of biomass feedstock, as well as to reduce the environmental impact of the waste. The article focuses on processing routes of natural waste with eco-friendliness by applying various preservation technologies, the conventional and the novel at forefront the improved valorization of by-products that lead to advanced industries including biorefineries. Applications of the produced added-value products are also involved.

2020-07

2nd International Scientific Conference of Al-Ayen University

There are lots of challenges facing the chemical processing industry, most of which are relevant to environmental concerns, energy, and capital costs. Reactive distillation is a chemical unit operation in which chemical reaction and product separation occur simultaneously in one unit resulted in reducing the number of downstream steps, energy savings, and greenhouse gases. In the current work, process flow sheets for industrial routes for conversion of camelina oil fatty acids to fatty acid methyl esters (biodiesel) in presence of acid catalyst is modeled in Aspen HYSYS for the purpose to scale up the esters production. The effect of the operating and design parameters of the reactive distillation unit (15 stages) including alcohol to oil ratio, reaction temperature, reactants feed stage, a number of column stages and type of alcohol on esters yield is optimized in addition to design the production plant. The simulation results showed that optimum ester yield is obtained for linoleic acid and palmitic components using methanol, 6:1 alcohol to oil ratio, reaction temperature 60oC and feeding the oil and the alcohol at stage number 3 and 5 respectively, and adding more stages in the reactive distillation reactor improves the system performance.