2019-04

5th Kurdistan International Conference on Science and Technology-University of Duhok, College of Science April 24-25, 2019

Oak apple galls (in Kurdish; Glora) look like small, round fruit but they are actually plant deformities caused by oak apple gall wasps. Oak apple or oak gall is the common name for a large, round, vaguely apple-like galls commonly found on many species of oak. Oak apples range in size from 2 to 4 centimeters in diameter and are caused by chemicals injected by the larva of certain kinds of gall wasp in the family Cynipidae. Oak apple gall information tells us that galls are formed when a female oak apple gall wasp lays eggs in the central vein on an oak leaves. When the larvae hatch, chemical and hormone interaction between the wasp eggs and the oak causes the tree to grow the round gall. Galls are essential to developing oak apple gall wasps. The gall provides a safe home as well as food for the young wasps. Each gall contains only one young wasp. If the galls you see are green with brown spots, they are still forming. At this stage, the galls feel a little rubbery. The galls get bigger as the larvae get bigger. When the galls dry out, the oak apple gall wasps fly from small holes in the galls.

2015-10

7th Black Sea Basin Conference on Analytical Chemistry (7BBCAC)-Golden Sands, Varna, Bulgaria September 10- 15, 2015

Development of a spectrophotometric method for the determination of catecholamines (levodopa, methyldopa, dopamine and adrenaline) in the aqueous solution depending on the charge transfer complex formation reaction with TCNQ and the measurement of the absorbance at 612 nm. The molar absorptivity ranged from 18100 L. mol–1.cm–1 for the adrenaline and 44520 L. mol–1.cm–1 for the levodopa. The accuracy (average recovery) is 100.74% and the precision (RSD) is less than 3%. The method is applied successfully for the determination of the catecholamines in their pharmaceutical preparations. Also development of a spectrophotometric method for the determination of catecholamines (levodopa, methyldopa and dopamine) in the ethanolic solution depending on the charge transfer complex formation reaction with TCNQ and the measurement of the quantitative enhancement of the TCNQ absorbance at 840 nm. The molar absorptivity ranged from 17420 L. mol–1.cm–1 for the dopamine and 24370 L. mol–1 cm–1 for the levodopa. The accuracy (average recovery) is 101.61% and the precision (RSD) is less than 2.5%. The method is applied successfully for the determination of the catecholamines in their pharmaceutical preparations.

2015-09

7th Black Sea Basin Conference on Analytical Chemistry (7BBCAC)-Golden Sands, Varna, Bulgaria September 10-15, 2015

Development of a spectrophotometric method for the determination of catecholamines (levodopa, methyldopa, dopamine and adrenaline) in the aqueous solution depending on the charge transfer complex formation reaction with TCNQ and the measurement of the absorbance at 612 nm. The molar absorptivity ranged from 18100 L. mol–1.cm–1 for the adrenaline and 44520 L. mol–1.cm–1 for the levodopa. The accuracy (average recovery) is 100.74% and the precision (RSD) is less than 3%. The method is applied successfully for the determination of the catecholamines in their pharmaceutical preparations. Also, development of a spectrophotometric method for the determination of catecholamines (levodopa, methyldopa and dopamine) in the ethanolic solution depending on the charge transfer complex formation reaction with TCNQ and the measurement of the quantitative enhancement of the TCNQ absorbance at 840 nm. The molar absorptivity ranged from 17420 L. mol–1.cm–1 for the dopamine and 24370 L. mol–1 cm–1 for the levodopa. The accuracy (average recovery) is 101.61% and the precision (RSD) is less than 2.5%. The method is applied successfully for the determination of the catecholamines in their pharmaceutical preparations.

2013-04

1st International Scientific Conference-University of Zakho, Iraq April 23-25, 2013

A simple, sensitive, rapid and low-cost spectrophotometric method for catecholamine (levodopa, methyldopa and dopamine) determination in pure and drug formulations is described. This method is based on the complexation reaction of catecholamine with bromanil. Absorbance of the resulting green colored products is measured at 741 nm for levodopa complex and, 738 nm for methyldopa and dopamine. Beer's Law is obeyed in a concentration range of 0.2 – 3.5 µg ml-1for levodopa, 0.1 – 4.0 µg ml-1for methyldopa, and 0.2 – 2.5 µg ml-1for dopamine and the molar absorptivity is 38222, 41474, and 48202 l.mol-1cm-1for levodopa, methyldopa, and dopamine respectively, with an excellent correlation coefficient (r = 0.9974) for levodopa, and (r = 0.998) for both methyldopa and dopamine.. The results show a simple, accurate, fast and readily applied method to the determination of levodopa methyldopa, and dopamine in pharmaceutical products. The analytical results obtained for these products by the proposed method are in agreement with those of the official standard method.