أنا  Fareed Khalid Yaseen

ABSTRACT: A successful attempt was made through this investigation to develop a cost-effective protocol for two varieties of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) ornamental plants named Clove Pink and Scarlet. Healthy and vigorous cultures were established by inoculating axillary buds on MS medium after a successful disinfestation process by sterilizing in 2.5% NaOCl for 10 minutes. The microshoots were multiplied by testing different benzyladenine (BA) and kinetin concentrations. Luckily, the best multiplication parameters were achieved with MS medium free of growth regulators, which will reduce the propagation costs. The higher number of shoots (11.60 shoots/ explant), leaves (59.80 leaves/ explant), and longest shoots (10.90 cm) when grown on MS medium without Plant growth regulators (PGRs), Additionally, the clove pink variety on MS medium with 1.5 mg l -1 BA and Scarlet variety grown on MS-free of PGRs respectively. A 100% percent rooting was achieved for both varieties when 1.5 mg l -1 Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) was added to the culture media. The same NAA concentration for scarlet variety microshoots resulted in the highest number of roots (26.2 roots/explant) and the longest roots (9.0 cm). Successful acclimatization was observed by transferring the well-rooted plantlets to greenhouse conditions while putting them in peat moss

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This in vitro study was conducted to investigate the effect of the various concentrations of different vitamins on two potato cultivars (Desiree and Mozart). An attempt was done to achieve a micropropagation protocol by determining the most optimal types and concentrations of vitamins including thiamine (B1), nicotinic acid (B3), pyridoxine (B6) and folic acid to induce shoot formation and rooting in vitro, as replacement vitamins in the culture medium. The four vitamins were included in the medium at two concentrations and the control treatment without vitamins. The highest number of shoots per explant (2.50 shoots/ explant) was achieved from the addition of 0.3 mgl-1thiamin to Desiree cultivar grown on MS medium. Whereas, the highest mean length of shoots was recorded in the case of adding nicotinic acid at 3.0 mgl-1 to Mozart cultivar grown on MS medium. The highest number of leaves 10.50 leaves/ explant) was obtained from Mozart cultivar grown on a medium enriched with 0.6 mgl-1 pyridoxine. The highest number of roots (7.00 roots/ explant) was achieved from the control treatment from Desiree potato cultivar. The longest roots (12.50 cm) were produced by Desiree potato cultivar grown on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mgl-1 thiamin. Mozart potato cultivar performed better than Desiree cultivar in concern to mean length of shoots, number of leaves, number of roots and mean length of roots. No significant differences were found between the both cultivars in concern to the number of shoots and roots.

This in vitro study was conducted to investigate the effect of the various concentrations of different sugars as carbon sources on two potato cultivars (Desiree and Mozart) microtuberization. An attempt was done to achieve a protocol for microtuberization from a single bud explant by determining the most optimal types and concentrations of sugars including sucrose, glucose, fructose and lactose at 70, 80 and 90 gl-1 on MS medium. The best results were obtained from the use of fructose (70 gl-1) for Desiree and Mozart potato by producing 9.00 microtubers per an explant. Whereas, adding glucose and fructose at 80 gl-1 gave the highest mean length for microtubers (2.83 cm) for Mozart potato cultivar. While the highest microtubers diameter (0.63 cm) was recorded at the case of adding 70 gl-1 of fructose for the cultured explants of Desiree potato cultivar. The acclimatized plantlets of both cultivars performed very well at greenhouse condition with about 100% success. The grown microtubers in soil gave uniform plants without any growth abnormalities.

Optimization of protocols for the large-scale isolation of viable protoplasts, the related in vitro culture and plant regeneration procedures represent the starting point for research programs that aim at the genetic improvement of crops worldwide. Protoplasts are used to carry out somatic hybridization and genetic engineering techniques (1). Besides this, the protoplast-based technology has recently become a valuable tool in cell-based experiments for validating the output of innovative ‘omics’ approaches and genome editing

Data acquisition systems (DAQ) such as Power Lab system find wide applications in teaching and research. The aim of this study is to evaluate how the use of Power Lab system enhances physiology experimentation and learning in pre-clinical medical students.

: Data acquisition systems (DAQ) such as PowerLab system find wide applications in teaching and research. The aim of this study is to evaluate how the use of PowerLab system enhances physiology experimentation and learning in pre-clinical medical students.