This work investigates the electro-catalytic degradation of alizarinblack dye in an electrochemical cell using Fe as anode and Al as cathode. The influence of initial dye concentration, effect of salt, pH, change of temperature and effect ofchange of applied voltage have been studied in addition, the influence of semiconductor dose has studied as well. In the current work roughly total removal of 70 mg/L of dye occurred in 16 minonly. The results showedthat effect of both electrolyte concentration and applied voltage was positive if combined together and the rate of degradation in neutralmedium was the best for degradation of Alizarin black dye.
2019-06
International Research Journal of Pure & Applied Chemistry
(القضية : 2)
(الحجم : 11)
Removal of Acid Alizarin Black Dye from Aqueous Solution by Adsorption Using Zinc Oxide
The adsorption of Acid Alizarin Black (AAB) dye (C.I. 21725) on zinc oxide was investigated in this
study. The adsorption was carried out under different operating conditions. The operating
conditions were contact time, adsorbent dosage (10, 30, 50, 70 and 100 mg), initial dye
concentration (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 mg/L), the pH of the solution (2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 10 and 12)
and temperature (20, 30, 40, 50 and 60°C). The remo val percentage of dye on ZnO decreases
from 67% to 54% with increase in initial dye concentration from 10 to 70 mg/L, respectively. It was
found that the increasing of ZnO dosage enhanced the dye removal. The increasing of temperature
insignificantly enhanced the removal of dye. The study reports that the best pH of solution for the
adsorption of AAB on ZnO were 7 and 8. The adsorption data have been analysed using Langmuir,
Freundlich and Temkin. It is indicated that the adsorption of dye onto ZnO was endothermic. The
uptake process of AAB obeyed the pseudo second order kinetic expression.
2016-03
International Journal of Chemistry
(القضية : 2)
(الحجم : 7)
Photodegradation Study of Toluidine Blue Dye in Aqueous Solution using Magnesium Oxide as a Photocatalyst
The photocatalytic degradation of Toluidine Blue dye (TB) in aqueous solution was investigated under UV light
in the presence of magnesium oxide (MgO) as a photocatalyst at different operating parameters. The operating
conditions were photocatalyst dose, initial dye concentration and the pH of the solution. Increasing of
photocatalyst dose from 10 to 70 mg enhanced the degradation rate of TB dye. However, the increasing of TB
dye concentration from 2 to 8 mg/L negatively affected the degradation rate. It was found that the percent of dye
removal reached the maximum value at high acidic medium. In dark condition, 15 % of dye was adsorbed by
MgO. Furthermore, the kinetics involved in the degradation of TB dye was examined and the degradation was
found to follow pseudo first order kinetic model
2015-11
Science Journal of University of Zakho
(القضية : 2)
(الحجم : 2)
Homogeneous Photocatalytic Degradation of Acid Alizarin Black Using Hydrogen Peroxide
Photocatalytic degradation of acid alizarin black (AAB) dye (C.I. 21725) in aqueous solution was investigated using UV light in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as a catalyst at different operating conditions. The operating conditions were concentration of catalyst dosage (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mL of 30 % H2O2), initial concentration of AAB dye (100, 150 and 200 mg/L) and pH (3.3, 6.84 and 10.8). It was found that the increasing of catalyst concentration enhanced the dye decolourisation. Hydrogen peroxide exerted positive effects on the AAB removal whilst the initial concentration of AAB negatively affected its removal. It was also found that the removal efficiency of AAB increased with the pH value close to neutral (pH 7), while a reversed trend was observed at acidic and basic medium.
2014-12
الاطاريح
2012-02-12
SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF SOME HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS FROM DIPEPTIDE DERIVATIVES.
The thesis includes several pathways:
The first pathway is dedicated to the synthesis of protected dipeptides hydrazide protected amino acids (S17-S25) are prepared by the reaction of p-toluene sulphonyl chloride or benzoyl chloride with amino acids (glycine, valine, alanine, leucine, and isoleucine).
Then protected dipeptide esters (S26-S42) is prepared by the reaction of compounds (S17-S25) with dicyclohexylcarbodiamide(as coupling reagent) and amino acid esters(S9-S16) (which they were prepared through passing hydro- chloric acid gas to the suspension of amino acid in ethanol to obtained amino acid esters hydrochloric acid (S1-S8) and then passed ammonia gas through the suspension of compounds (S1-S8) in dichloromethane) .There after hydrazides (S48-S62) are obtained by the reaction of corresponding esters (S26-S42) with hydrazine hydrate.
Where the second path involves synthesis of five and six membered ring heterocyclic compounds.Hydrazones (S68-S77) are synthesized by the reaction of the above hydrazides with p-nitro benzaldehyde , which was cyclized to 2,5- disubstituted 1,3,4- oxadiazole (S80-S89) through lead oxide and to phthalazines (S99-S100) through hydrochloric acid. 1,3,4- oxadiazole -2- thione (S92-S98) were prepared by the reaction of the corresponding hydrazides with carbon disulfide in alcoholic potassium hydroxide. Hydrazides were reacted with ammonium thio cyanate to afford thiosemicarbazide (S102-S104) which were cyclized to 1,2,4- triazole -3- thione (S105-S106) in potassium hydroxide medium.
