2022-10

Water Resources in Iraq: Perspectives and Prognosis (ICWRPP 2022)

The present investigation was conducted to assess the quality of industrial effluents of Kwashe industrial area in Kurdistan region, Iraq and evaluate the potential effects of these effluents on the quality of soil. Industrial effluents samples were collected at from the discharge point of various industries including (oil refineries, plastic, paper and printing, steel, aluminum, leather tanning, paint, food, detergent, fertilizer, construction, nylons, metals pipe, chemical, asphalt and petroleum product) at three different locations and analyzed for various physic-chemical characteristic. Soil samples were collected from different fields and analyzed for several soil properties. Result revealed; nearly almost physicochemical characteristics of industrial effluents are higher than the permissible levels of worldwide standard. Result also shows that the quality of industrial effluents is significantly deteriorated much more with the distance it passes through two plains in the region. Almost soil properties are negatively affected by effluents, organic matter in the soil affected by industrial effluents is higher 5 times greater than the normal range of organic matter in the soil due to the continuous deposition of petroleum hydrocarbons in the soil. Soil content of macronutrients is significantly affected by industrial effluents. Significant correlation between some studied soil parameters were found as determination coefficients (R2 ) are highly significant (P<0.01). Keywords: industrial effluent, petroleum refinery, soil properties, soil pollution

2022-05

World Congress on Pollution Control (WCPC-22)

The present study aimed to investigate the impact of Kwashe Industrial Area (KIA) in Iraqi Kurdistan Region on sheep ecology. KIA contains around 220 industrial factories, from which are more than 50 private crude oil refineries. Each day, these factories release thousands of hazardous untreated industrial effluents and create two main drains that join together and descend both Sulaivany and Duban plains that are mainly used for wheat cultivation and sheep forging to reach Mosul dam. The study is well documented and spotted a great impact on 15000 sheep habitat and niche. The sacristy of water resources in this plain, particularly in summer forces sheep to drink this hazardous effluent to be transferred through food chain to human being, and many direct health cases are investigated in this study. Annually, ten of sheep were stunned in the heavy asphalt and dies. Emissions of a variety NOx, SOx, CO2, CO, H2S, and many other volatile organic compounds like methane causes the spread of respiratory illness among the sheep in this area. Majority of the children in the surrounding villages have developed asthma and respiratory illnesses. Reproduction rate of sheep is also affected by effluents and the abortion during their pregnant period and about 50- 60 sheep miscarriages in a year. A seizure is another common disease among sheep in this are as a synchronized neuronal activity in the brain is affected by pollutants in drinker effluents. The sheep around KIA have inflammation in eyes and have poor eyesight and blindness. Our investigation spotted approximately 35 sheep with eyes problems just in one village. Consequently, high numbers of sheep are diedmonthly in KIA every year and the cases of sudden death among sheep are common.

2019-04

2nd international conference on Advance Science and Engineering 2019 (ICOASE2019).

The aim of the present study was determining the contamination and prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) nematodes larvae on pastures permanently grazed by sheep and goats in different areas of Duhok province under the climate of the spring season. Samples of herbage were collected from different pastures and the larvae were identified and then counted. Out of 144 herbage samples, 89 (61.81%) were found positive in all selected areas during the three months (March, April and May). Significant differences (p < 0.05) in contamination rates and pasture larvae count were observed among the months of study whereas they did not significant among the study areas. The most favorable environmental conditions for survival and development of nematodes larvae on pasture were found in April and followed by March. Also, a significant correlation was observed between environmental variables and pasture larvae three-stage count (PL3C). It can be concluded that changes in environmental conditions among the months of spring season have a significant effect on the contamination of GI nematodes larvae in different grazing pastures of Duhok province. These results could be beneficial in planning control program of nematodes parasites.

2018-08

1 ST International Conference on Materials Engineering & Science (IConMEAS 2018) Istanbul, Turkey

Water samples from twenty wells and twenty springs were assessed to determine whether samples from springs and wells have similar concentrations of selected characteristics, including electrical conductivity (EC), total alkalinity (TA), total dissolved solids (TDS), pH, Sulphate (SO42-) Nitrate (NO3-), total hardness (TH), magnesium (Mg2+) and Calcium (Ca2+). Comparisons were made between concentrations of chemical and Physical characteristics in water samples from springs and wells within the same aquifer. Samples were collected monthly from the wells and springs during March 2017 to February 2018. The samples were tested for chemical and Physical characteristics according to the standard methods of American Public Health Association. There were significant differences between all data selected from springs and wells except Mg and DO. In addition, no significant difference was found between the mean pH values. The results indicated that the water samples lie within the permissible limits as compared with WHO (World Health Organization) for drinking uses, however some samples of water are without the permissible limit such as EC, TDS, and TH. The spring water samples were found to be better than well water samples. The results showed that eight wells and four springs’ water samples requires treatment for drinking uses.

2017-04

2nd International Scientific Conference

The present study was designed to determine whether playing two music types will improve behaviour of non-pregnant, nonlactating Arabi sheep. Thirty Arabi ewes, aged 2 – 3 years, were included in the study. Ewes were divided into three groups, 10 ewes each. The groups were: Control (with no music exposure); Classic music exposure and Fast music exposure. The sound level for classic and fast music groups was 80 dB with the frequency of 1 KHz. The behavioural data were collected using direct observations for six respective days. Results revealed that using music, both classic and fast, significantly decreased the frequency of aggressive behaviours (P < 0.001), vocalization (P < 0.01), defecation (P < 0.05) and walking behaviour (P < 0.05). In addition, there were significant effects of music on the average time spent standing (P < 0.01), lying and feeding (P < 0.001). Whereas no significant difference was found on the average time spent drinking. It was shown that there were significant differences in time spent lying (P < 0.01) and time spent feeding (P < 0.01) over time. Finally, there was a significant difference in the proportion of time spent lying (P < 0.001) as well as in the proportion of time spent feeding between control and music groups (P < 0.01). From this study, it can be concluded that exposing non-pregnant, non-lactating ewes to classical music is beneficial for ewes’ welfare, due to the reduction of aggressive behaviour. KEYWORDS:

2016-04

The 2nd Scientific Agricultural Conference

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of propolis extract on haemato-biochemical parameters of Karadi ewes. Four different doses (0, 1, 2, and 3 ml) of propolis were orally given to the animals on a weekly base throughout the 8 weeks experimental period. Karadi ewes that received Propolis extract had a significantly (P<0.05) higher packed cell volume, hemoglobin and lower neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio than control. Furthermore, the serum total protein and globulin contents were higher in propolis treated ewe groups. However, the concentration of glucose, Aspartate-aminotransferase (AST) and cholesterol were almost same in all experimental groups.