The current research aims to explore the impact of participative leadership represented by (decision-making participation, delegation of authority, human relations, and justice and equality) in human resource sustainability, defined by (human resource well-being, human resource development, human resource retention, and work-life Equilibrium). At the same time, testing the mediating role of the organizational Equilibrium variable represented by (contributions and inducements) in the influential relationship between the two variables. The study community comprised all employees working in private hospitals in the governorate, totaling approximately 650 individuals across 15 hospitals. Data were collected from a random sample of 306 medical staff members working in private hospitals in Duhok Governorate, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, using a questionnaire. The research employs a descriptive-analytical approach, and the results, analyzed using SPSS V.25, indicate a significant direct effect of both participative leadership and organizational Equilibrium on human resource sustainability. Furthermore, the findings confirm the potential of organizational Equilibrium as a partial mediator in the relationship between participative leadership and human resource sustainability. The study recommends that private hospital management enhance human resource sustainability by promoting participative leadership practices and leveraging the dimensions of organizational Equilibrium to achieve this goal. Keywords:Participative leadership, organizational equilibrium, human resource sustainability.

This study aims to demonstrate the role of inspirational leadership traits in improving organizational commitment. To conduct the analytical side, a number of governmental institutions were chosen that affiliated to the independent administration of Zakho. From the surveyed institutions, the hypotheses were tested with a set of modern analytical and statistical methods available in the (SPSSV.26) program.A questionnaire was relied on to collect field data, and the study reached several conclusions, the most important of which is the existence of a positive significant correlation between the independent variable represented by inspirational leadership and the dependent variable represented by organizational commitment. In addition to the presence of a significant effect of the traits of inspirational leadership on organizational commitment. In light of the conclusions, a number of proposals were formulated, the most important of which is the need to enhance and maintain the availability of good levels of inspirational leadership traits by the leaders in the sample surveyed and harnessed to enhance the ability to create a work climate that supports organizational commitment,as well as cultivating a culture of commitment to reduce absence and work turnover, and enhance employee loyalty towards their organizations. Keywords: inspirational leadership, inspirational leadership traits, organizational commitment,Governmental institutions.

This research seeks to determine the role of the dimensions of bullying in the workplace in promoting job burnout among employees. The University of Zakho was chosen as a field for implementing the practical side. The research was based on a set of main and sub-hypotheses, which were field-tested on (72) of the researched employees. The data was collected through a questionnaire form prepared for this purpose, depending on the analytical and statistical methods available in the (SPSS V.24) program to analyze the correlation and influence between the research variables. The research outcome was to reach to several conclusions, the most important of which was the existence of a positive moral correlation for the independent variable represented by bullying in the workplace and the dependent variable represented by job burnout, as well as the presence of a significant effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable. In light of the conclusions reached, the two researchers presented a set of suggestions, the most important of which is the necessity of ensuring the provision of a supportive and positive organizational climate at work by providing supportive and effective leadership that places employees among its most important priorities.

This research aims to demonstrate the role of visual management strategies in achieving sustainable competitive advantage, and a mineral water production companies in the Dohuk governorate were chosen as a field for conducting the practical side of this research. A set of analytical and statistical methods were applied on 118 members of a number of selected companies. The (SPSSV.25) program was used to analyze the data that were collected through the questionnaire form which was prepared for this purpose. The research reached several findings, the most important of which is the existence of a positive significant correlation between the independent variable represented by the visual management strategies and the approved variable represented in sustainable competitive advantage, as well as a significant effect of visual management strategies on sustainable competitive advantage. As a result of the research findings a number of suggestions were formulated, the most important of which is the need to enhance and maintain the availability of high levels of visual management strategies and harness them to enhance the ability to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage, and to move away as much as possible About Temporary Competitive Advantages and Investment in Advantages Strategic and sustainable competitiveness.