ئەز   Waheed Neamat Ramadhan

The topic of prophecy is one of the important topics in Kurdish literature, and this topic has absorbed a wide space in the classical poetry of the Kurdish poet Ahmed al-Faqir in the) 18th century AD( . He wrote his poems in three languages (Kurdish, Arabic, and Persian). The importance of this study lies in the presence of many specialized poems praising the Prophet Muhammad in the collections of the poet (Ahmed Al-Faqir), but there is no interest in them, so this research is considered a serious work to study the poems of the Prophet Muhammad in the collection of the poet Ahmed Al-Faqir. His poems included several topics, including (the truth of prophecy, the names of the Prophet, his birth, love, and grief over his loss). Keywords: The Prophet, Ahmed Al-Faqir, Kurdish classical poetry, the truth of prophecy, Love of the Prophet.

The research focuses on the physical descriptions of the beloved in Kurdish poetry, particularly in the works of Ali Al-Hariri, referencing the portrayal of the beloved. This is not a new phenomenon in classical Kurdish or Persian poetry, as it essentially traces back to pre-Islamic Arabic poetry, where women were described and praised, and references to occasions, memories, and emotions were included within the realm of ghazal (love poetry). The significance of this research lies in the fact that, until now, there have been few references in Kurdish literature describing the beloved's body, and no one has addressed this topic in Al-Hariri's poetry. It is assumed that the poet, in depicting the beloved's image and physical descriptions, beyond the classical Arabic-Persian tradition, employed various imagery. The research findings confirm that Al-Hariri borrowed most of his imagery from classical Islamic poetry of the 4th and 5th centuries AH (Hijri). However, there are glimpses of modernity in his work, as he used new descriptions, such as describing the beloved's face as (the full moon under whose light partridge forages) and (the illuminating forehead), which were not seen in the works of other classical poets. This indicates that our poet is a blend of foreign and local influences, though he drew more from the descriptions of the beloved in Sufi literature. Keywords: Ali Al-Hariri, Body, Description, Beloved's Body, Classical Poetry.

Roman mythologist and theologian; Mircha Iliad (1907-1986) is one of the world's most famous scholars of mythology. He used several different criteria for mythology in his works. The importance of research is evident in two points; 1. The existence of mythological principles in the works of Faqi Teyran in general. 2. The story clearly fits the principles of Roman scientific theory and these two aspects have not attracted the attention of researchers and have not been worked on Therefore, we are among the first researchers to follow the principles of mythology in the ode of Faqi Teyran and at the same time follow the criteria of the Iliad scholars. It is assumed that the myth of Sheikh San'ani clearly expresses the principles of the legend of the scholar, such as the personality of the hero, permission, enlightenment and mental discovery, rebirth, sacred manifestation and sacred time and place. Research has been conducted on the basis of the mythological theory of the Iliad and the structure of the myth and its important results have been proved with evidence. Keywords: Mircha Iliad, Faqi Teyran, Mythology, Sheikh Sanani, Sacred Place and Time.

Suhrawardi’s Theory of Light and Malaye Jazizri Research Summary: The philosophy of Illumination (ishraqi) is one of the eastern branches of philosophy. After the movement of translation had stimulated during the Abbasid’s reign, philosophy also became a part of it. Meanwhile, individuals such as Ibn Sina and Al-Farabi could run the branch of peripatetic. Subsequently, Sheikh Shahab al-Din Suhrawardi (549-587 AH) had started running the branch of Illuminationist philosophy. Illuminationism, different from other branches, has expanded the heart sphere and the 'discovery and intuition'. Not only the Illumninationists firmly believe in logical evidences, but also they acquire a large portion of their evidences from the heart as well as the discovery and intuition. The light Suhrawardi had mentioned, is the same thought he mentioned, that the source of the entire universe is from the light and the source of that light is from the true god (the Light of Lights). As for the Kurdish poet Malaye Jazizri, the aspects of Suhrawardi’s theory of light are especially obvious in Jaziri’s collections of poems called ("Dîwana Melayê Cizîrî") and thus, it is hypothesized that he was aware of the Suhraward’s philosophy. The research focuses on the descriptive-analytics and classification of words on Jaziri’s collections of poems. Key words: hikmat-i ishrāq, Suhrawardi, Al- Jaziri, Illumination and synonyms of illumination.