About Me 1

Professional Experience

September 2010 - Current, Lecturer, College of Science – Department of Chemistry, University of Zakho, Zakho, Kurdistan-Iraq. • Teach undergraduate students- second level the essentials of experimental organic chemistry laboratories. • Instruct undergraduate students – forth level the Systematic Identification of Organic Chemistry. • Train undergraduate students – first level theoretical and practical General Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry. • Teach undergraduate students – forth level the theoretical of spectroscopy and practical of Identification of Organic Chemistry. • Teach undergraduate students – fifth level theoretical and practical Advanced Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmacy, UOD • Teach undergraduate students – forth level the theoretical of spectroscopy and practical of Identification of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, UOD • Teach postgraduate students – PhD and MSc levels, the theoretical of advanced spectroscopy, Department of Chemistry, faculty of Science, UOZ, Department of Chemistry, faculty of science and faculty of Pharmacy, UOD. September 2006 – September 2009 Assistant Lecturer, College of Agriculture – Department of Horticulture, University of Duhok and Department of Pharmacy, Technical Institute, Duhok, Kurdistan-Iraq. • Taught undergraduate students first level the theoretical organic chemistry and practical organic laboratories. • Taught undergraduate students second level the theoretical organic chemistry and experimental of organic laboratories. • Taught undergraduate students second level the essentials of experimental organic chemistry laboratories. • Taught undergraduate student forth level the systematic identification of organic chemistry laboratories. • Taught undergraduate students the theoretical and practical organic chemistry, College of Education - Department of Biochemistry. July 2002 – October 2005, Assistant Lecturer in Organic Chemistry – College of Science, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq • Taught undergraduate students second level the essentials of experimental organic chemistry laboratories. Chemistry Skills • Supervising undergraduate students’ graduation projects. • Preparing experimental curriculum of Systematic Identification of the Organic Compounds for forth level. • Membership at the British Liquid Crystal Society (September - 2013). • Reviewer at the Advances in Science, Technology and Engineering Systems Journal (December - 2016). • Membership as an examiner in viva committee at Duhok University (2017 and 2020). • Scientific reviewer of academic papers and thesis at Koya, Dohuk and Zakho Universities -Iraq. • Synthesize and characterize the organic compounds by using different measurements include 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR, mass spectroscopy and elemental analysis. In addition to prepare the liquid crystals compounds and study their physical properties by using range of techniques such as Differentinal Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Polarising Optical Microscopy (POM), miscibility mixture, deuterium NMR spectroscopy (DNMR) and X-ray scattering.

Education

Doctor of Philosophy

Department of Chemistry / Organic Chemistry لە University of Zakho and Southampton

2015

Master of Science

Department of Chemistry / Organic لە University of Mosul

2002

Degree of Bachelor

Department of Chemistry لە University of Mosul

1997

Membership

2017

2017-06-22,current

Reviewer

Advances in Science, Technology and Engineering Systems Journal (ASTESJ)

2013

2013-03-18,current

Full member

BLCS Mailing List and Members (British Liquid Crystals Society)

Awards

Thanks Letter

2022-03

Thanks for the woman's' day

2022

Thanks Letter

2021-08

Teaching during the Covid -19 crisis

2021

Thanks Letter

2019-11

Quality Assurance teachers’ feedback 2019

2019

Thanks Letter

2019-04

ICOASE2019

Participated as a Scientific member in ICOASE2019

2019

Thanks Letter

2018-11

ICOASE2018

Participated as a Scientific member in ICOASE2018

2018

Thanks Letter

2018-09

Quality Assurance teachers’ feedback 2018

2018

Luckhurst-Samulski Prize 2016

2016-01

Selected the published paper entitled ''On the twist-bend nematic phase formed directly from the isotropic phase''

The best paper in 2016 Luckhurst-Samulski Prize in Liquid Crystals (an International Journal of Science and Technology).

2016

Published Journal Articles

Science Journal of University of Zakho (Issue : 1) (Volume : 8)

Synthesis, Identification and Biological Activity of New Heterocyclic Compounds from Reaction of New Schiff-Bases with Phathalic Anhydride

Series of new Schiff bases and their derivatives (Oxazepine) have been synthesized during two steps.... See more

Series of new Schiff bases and their derivatives (Oxazepine) have been synthesized during two steps. The first step synthesis of imines derivatives (1-10) by the condensation reaction of 1, 7-diaminohepatane and 1, 8-diaminooctane with different substituted aromatic aldehydes by using glacial acetic acid as catalyst. The second step includes reaction of the prepared Schiff bases derivatives with phathalic anhydride in dry benzene to obtain seven-membered heterocyclic ring derivatives (11-15). The biological activities of some prepared compounds were also studied against different kinds of bacteria. The new derivatives were confirmed by suing a range of experimental techniques including 1 HNMR, 13 C NMR, IR and Mass spectra.

2020-03

Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment (Issue : 9) (Volume : 23)

Synthesis, Identification and Biological Activity of some Schiff Bases derived from 1,5-diamino naphthalene substrate

New Schiff base compounds have been prepared. Various aliphatic and aromatic ketones were condensed with... See more

New Schiff base compounds have been prepared. Various aliphatic and aromatic ketones were condensed with naphthalene-1, 5-diamine to yield the desired Schiff bases. The structures of all the new products obtained in the present work are supported by spectral and analytical data (IR, NMR and Mass spectroscopy). Furthermore, the biological activity of Schiff Bases compounds was tested against two types of bacteria gram positive for the dye (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative dye (E.Coli).

2019-09

Liquid Crystals (Issue : 1) (Volume : 44)

Twist-bend nematics, liquid crystal dimers, structure–property relations

One of the current challenges in liquid crystal science is to understand the molecular factors... See more

One of the current challenges in liquid crystal science is to understand the molecular factors leading to the formation of the intriguing twist-bend nematic phase (NTB) and determine its properties. During our earlier hunt for the NTB phase created on cooling directly from the isotropic phase and not the nematic phase, we had prepared 30 symmetric liquid crystal dimers. These had odd spacers and methylene links to the two mesogenic groups; desirable but clearly not essential features for the formation of the NTB. Here, we report the phases that the dimers exhibit and their transition temperatures as functions of both the lengths of the spacer and the terminal chains. In addition we describe the transitional entropies, their optical textures, the X-ray scattering patterns and the 2H NMR spectra employed in characterising the phases. All of which may lead to important properties of the twist-bend nematic phase.

2017-03

Journal of Education and Science (Issue : 2) (Volume : 26)

Synthesis of Some 1, 3, 4- Oxadizole Derivatives from Naproxen and Acetyl Chloride

A seriers of 1, 3, 4-oxadiazol-2-thion were synthesized by the reaction of naproxen (or acetyl)... See more

A seriers of 1, 3, 4-oxadiazol-2-thion were synthesized by the reaction of naproxen (or acetyl) amino acid hydrazides (glycine, valine, leucine, isoleucine and tyrosine) with carbon disulphide in alkaline medium. The reaction of naproxen (or acetyl) amino acid hydrazides were treated with p-chloro benzaldehyde to give hydrazone, the hydrazones were then cyclized with lead dioxide to give 1, 3, 4-oxadiazol-2-aryl. Naproxen amino acid esters were treated with ammonia gas to give naproxen amino acid amids. The synthesized compounds were characterized by physical and spectral analysis.

2013-06

Journal of Dohuk University (pure and engineering sciences) (Issue : 1) (Volume : 13)

Barium Hydroxide Catalyzed Michael Condensation of 1-(4-pyridyl) -3-(2-furfuryl or 4-chloro phenyl)-2-propene-1-one with Active Methylene Compounds

Partially dehydrated commercial barium hydroxide have been used to catalyze Michael reaction of 1-(4-pyridyl)-3-(2-furfuryl or... See more

Partially dehydrated commercial barium hydroxide have been used to catalyze Michael reaction of 1-(4-pyridyl)-3-(2-furfuryl or 4-chloro Phenyl)-2-propene-1-one(1a,d) with compounds containing methylene group activated by two carbonyl groups like acetyl acetone, and methyl (or ethyl) acetoacetate. The product obtained depends on the temperature of the reaction. Room temperature reactions afforded cyclohexanone derivatives (3a-f), where, reactions in high temperature gave cyclohexanone derivatives (4a-f)

2010-09

Journal of Chemistry (Issue : 1) (Volume : 6)

Adsorption of Copper and Iron Using Low Cost Material as Adsorbent

In this study, pine fruit was used as solid adsorbent for removal of ferrous and... See more

In this study, pine fruit was used as solid adsorbent for removal of ferrous and copper ions from aqueous solutions through batch equilibrium technique. The influence of contact time, pH of the solution and initial concentration of metal ions on adsorbed amount of metal ions were investigated. 90 minutes of adsorption time was found sufficient to reach equilibrium for ferrous ion and 120 minutes for copper ion. Adsorption of metal ions were pH dependent and the results indicate the optimum pH for the removal of Fe+2 was found to be 5.0 and that of Cu+2 was 7.0, the highest adsorption capacity was found to be 4.8 and 14.1 mg of metal ion per gram of adsorbent at initial concentration of 22.22 mg/L and 57.6 mg/L of ferrous and copper ions respectively and would be higher with higher initial concentration. Ferrous ion was removed by 96.3 - 97.3% and copper ion by 94.1-96% along the whole range of initial concentrations. Isotherm studies showed that the data were best fitted to the Freundlich isotherm model. The kinetic data corresponded well with the pseudo-second order equation, suggesting that the adsorption process is presumably a chemisorption.

2009-01

Tikrit Journal of Pure Science (Issue : 1) (Volume : 11)

Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions of Methyl Malonyl Chloride with Some Nucleophilic Reagents

New method for synthesis of new methyl malonamic acid derivatives have been employed successfully via... See more

New method for synthesis of new methyl malonamic acid derivatives have been employed successfully via the nucleophilic substitution reactions of methyl malonyl chloride with urethane followed by the reaction with some of nucleophilic reagents (amine, alcohol and water) in the same medium and reaction vessel. The structural formulas of the synthesized compounds were elucidated by physical and spectroscopic methods.

2006-01

Journal of Education and Science (Issue : 2) (Volume : 15)

Synthesis and Study of Some Acetylenic Amine Derivatives of Isatin as Antibacterial Agents. , VOL. 15, 2003.

New derivatives of acetylenic amine of isatin were synthesized through Mannich reaction which involved reaction... See more

New derivatives of acetylenic amine of isatin were synthesized through Mannich reaction which involved reaction of N-propargyl isatin with paraformaldehyde and secondary amines. These compounds showed biological activity as antibacterial agents. The structures of the synthesized compounds have been elucidated by physical and spectroscopic methods.

2004-09

Rafidain Journal of Science (Issue : 1) (Volume : 15)

Preparation of Some Acetylenic Amine Derivatives of Saccharin as Expected Biologically Active Agents

Saccharin has been used to synthesize new derivatives of acetylenic amines through Mannich reaction which... See more

Saccharin has been used to synthesize new derivatives of acetylenic amines through Mannich reaction which involved the reaction of N-propargyl saccharin with paraformaldehyde and secondary amines. The structures of these compounds were confirmed by physical and spectroscopic methods. Some of the synthesized compounds showed biological activity as antibacterial agents.

2004-01

Thesis

2015-11-02

The Twist-Bend Nematic Phase and Liquid Crystals Dimers

Ph.D. in Organic Chemistry Science College - University of Zakho, Kurdistan-Iraq & Natural and Environmental... See more

Ph.D. in Organic Chemistry Science College - University of Zakho, Kurdistan-Iraq & Natural and Environmental Sciences College - University of Southampton, UK.

2015

2002-01-22

Synthesis and Study of Some Acetylenic Amine Derivatives of Potential Biological Activity

M.Sc. in Organic Science, Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department

2002

Conference

5th KCST Duhok University

2019-10

The Twist-Bend Nematic Phase (NTB): Discovery and More

The intriguing twist-bend nematic phase (NTB) is formed, primarily, by liquid crystal dimers having odd spacers. Typically the phase is preceded by a nematic phase (N) via a weak first-order transition. Our aim is to... See more

The intriguing twist-bend nematic phase (NTB) is formed, primarily, by liquid crystal dimers having odd spacers. Typically the phase is preceded by a nematic phase (N) via a weak first-order transition. Our aim is to obtain dimers where the NTB phase is formed directly from the isotropic phase via a strong first-order phase transition. The analogy between such behaviour and that of the smectic A (SmA)-NI sequence suggests that this new dimer will require a short spacer. This expectation is consistent with the prediction of a molecular field theory since the decrease in the spacer length results in an increase in the molecular curvature. A vector of odd dimers based on benzoyloxybenzylidene mesogenic groups with terminal ethoxy groups has been synthesised with spacers composed of odd numbers of methylene groups. Spacers having 5, 7, 9, and 11 methylene groups are found to possess the conventional phase sequence NTB-NI; surprisingly for the propane spacer the NTB phase is formed directly from the isotropic phase. The properties of these dimers have been studied with care to ensure that the identification of the NTB phase is reliable.

Twist - Bend Nematics and Beyond Workshop, University of Southampton, UK.

2016-04

Structure-Property Relations, Liquid Crystal Dimers, Twist-Bend Nematics

In 2011 it was suggested that the second nematic phase formed by the odd liquid crystal dimer CB7CB was the twist-bend nematic phase [1]; here the molecular origin of the phase is associated with the... See more

In 2011 it was suggested that the second nematic phase formed by the odd liquid crystal dimer CB7CB was the twist-bend nematic phase [1]; here the molecular origin of the phase is associated with the molecular curvature created by the methylene link between the spacer and the cyanobiphenyl group. The phase sequence for this and most other twist-bend nematics is NTB-N-I and for CB7CB the NTB-N phase transition is clearly first order [1] in contrast to the predictions of several theories that the transition should be second order [2,3]. For homologous series, as the spacer length increases so the strength of the transition weakens and the nematic range grows [4]. Conversely, the transition strengthens with decreasing spacer length and for some series it was found that the NTB phase is formed directly from the isotropic phase [5] in keeping with a molecular field theory [3]. The dimers (mO.n.Om) found to show this intriguing behaviour are

25th International Liquid Crystal Conference, Trinity College, Dublin-Ireland.

2014-07

Structural-Property Relations for Twist-Bend Nematogens

The twist -bend nematic phase, NTB, differs from a conventional chiral nematic in that the director is tilted with respect to the helix axis. In some sense the chiral smectic C phase is the smectic... See more

The twist -bend nematic phase, NTB, differs from a conventional chiral nematic in that the director is tilted with respect to the helix axis. In some sense the chiral smectic C phase is the smectic analogue of the twist-bend nematic phase. The existence of the NTB phase was predicted by Dozov for bent-core molecules with the bent shape being an important element in the driving force for its formation [1]. The first example of the twist-bend nematic was observed for the liquid crystal dimer, CB7CB, in which two cyanobiphenyl groups are linked by a heptane spacer [2]. Although the spacer is flexible allowing the dimer to undergo significant changes in this spacer, on average its shape is highly bent [3]. Although this qualitative feature is important in the formation of the twist-bend nematic phase the extent of the bend, that is a quantitative feature, is also central [1]. This angle in the average structure is controlled to a great extent by the nature of the link between the rod-like mesogenic group and the spacer. It appears that a methylene linking group is especially good at stabilising the twist-bend nematic phase with respect to the conventional nematic phase [2, 4]. This behaviour is also consistent with the calculation of the bend elastic constant which tends to be very small and can be negative [2, 5]. Although the influence of the linker on the formation of the twist-bend nematic phase seems clear and reliable there are other features of the molecular structure which can surely contribute to the stability of the NTB phase. To explore some of these features we have studied a series of liquid crystal dimers in which there is a terminal chain instead of a nitrile group on each mesogenic group. The terminal chains have a length m and the spacer length is n so that we use the acronym mO.n.Om for these symmetric dimers. We have characterised the mesophases formed by the dimers using polarised optical microscopy, deuterium NMR spectroscopy and calorimetry. The spacer has a methylene link to the mesogenic group and the number of the methylene groups, n, is odd. The length of the terminal group changes from 1 to 6. The phases exhibited by some of these dimers include the expected nematic and twist-bend nematic. In addition, and importantly, phases with a layered structure appear as the length of the terminal chains grow; as might be expected. The transitional properties of the dimers exhibit odd-even behaviour with variation of the terminal chain length. We have also extended our exploration of structure-property relations for these dimers by studying binary mixtures of them as well as with CB7CB [4,6].

British Liquid Crystal Society, Annual Conference, Durham, University of Durham, UK.

2014-04

Phase Behaviour of Twist-Bend Nematogens

The twist-bend nematic phase, NTB, differs from a conventional chiral nematic in that the director is tilted with respect to the helix axis. In some sense the chiral smectic C phase is the smectic analogue... See more

The twist-bend nematic phase, NTB, differs from a conventional chiral nematic in that the director is tilted with respect to the helix axis. In some sense the chiral smectic C phase is the smectic analogue of the twist-bend nematic phase. The existence of the NTB phase was predicted by Dozov for achiral, bent-core molecules with the bent shape being an important element in the driving force for its formation [1]. The first example of the twist-bend nematic was observed for the liquid crystal dimer, CB7CB, in which two cyanobiphenyl groups are linked by a heptane spacer [2]. The spacer is flexible, allowing the dimer to undergo significant changes in its shape, indeed on average its shape is highly bent [3]. Although this qualitative feature is important in the formation of the twist-bend nematic phase the extent of the bend, that is a quantitative feature, is also central [1]. This angle in the average structure is controlled to a great extent by the nature of the link between the rod-like mesogenic group and the spacer. It appears that a methylene linking group is especially good at stabilising the twist-bend nematic phase with respect to the conventional nematic phase [2, 4]. This behaviour is also consistent with the calculation of the bend elastic constant which tends to be very small and can be negative [2, 5]. In order to help understand the phase behaviour of such nematogens we have explored the phase diagram of binary mixtures of liquid crystal dimers with odd spacers. The dimers contain terminal chains of length m as well as the flexible spacer of length n. So we use the acronym mO.n.Om for these symmetric dimers. We have characterised the mesophases formed by the odd dimers using polarised optical microscopy, deuterium NMR spectroscopy and calorimetry. The spacer has a methylene link to the effective mesogenic group and the number of methylene groups, n, is necessarily odd. The length of the terminal group varies from 1 to 6. The phases exhibited by some of these dimers include the expected nematic and novel twist-bend nematic. In addition, and importantly, phases with a layered structure appear as the length of the terminal chains grow; as might have been anticipated. The binary mixtures exhibit a range of phase diagrams whose form depends in part on the commonality of the phases exhibited by the compounds. For example, when both exhibit nematic and twist-bend nematic phases the nematic-isotropic and the twist-bend nematic-nematic transitions vary continuously across the phase diagram. This shows a curious deviation from linearity. The phase diagram is more interesting when there is a not a commonality in the phases for the two components. Then phases are injected into the phase diagram as the composition changes.

2. 12th European Conference on Liquid Crystals, Rhodes, Greece.

2013-09

1. ESR and DNMR Spectroscopic Studies of the Twist-bend Nematic Phase

Thechiral nematic phase has a helical structure with the direct ororthogonal to the helicalaxis. This is clearly the limiting case of a more general chiral structure in which the director is tilted with respect to... See more

Thechiral nematic phase has a helical structure with the direct ororthogonal to the helicalaxis. This is clearly the limiting case of a more general chiral structure in which the director is tilted with respect to the helicalaxis. Indeed such a twist-bend structure was predicted for bent-core molecules having a highly bent form by Dozov in 2001 [1]. Some years earlier, as part of a parallel thread, it had been recognised that the conformation alaverage shape of a liquid crystal dimer with an odd spacer would also be bent [2]. In addition it was realised that, significantly, thed egree of bend would be larger for odd dimers with methylenerather than etherlinks [3]. Subsequently a detailed investigation [4] of the liquid crystal dimer with a heptane spacer, CB7CB, suggested that this exhibited not only a conventional nematic butal so thet wist-bend nematic phase predicted by Dozov, an identification supported by other studies of this mesogen. One of the techniques which had indicated an unusual structure for the second nematic phase was ESR spectroscopy. This revealed that although the director is uniformly aligned in the conventional nematic by the magnetic field of the spectrometer, this is not the case for thet wist-bend nematic phase [4]. Here, the form of the director distribution could be explored by the angular dependence of the ESR spectrum [5]. This contrasts with the behaviour oft he DNMR spectrum where the intrinsic magnetic field of the NMR spectrometer is sufficiently large to produce a monodomain. However, what does emerge is that the twist-bend phase is chiral[4], although remarkably the constituent molecules are achiral, and that there are domains of opposite chirality [6], in accord with Dozov’s predictions [1] Here we describe an investigation of a liquid crystal dimer having an odd spacer but with an unusual linkage. The techniques that have been employed are ESR and DNMR spectroscopies for both nematic phases and an underlying smectic phase. Analysis of the spectra, measured as a function of temperature, reveal the nature of the liquid crystal phases at a macroscopic level.

1st International Scientific Conference – UoZ 2013

2013-04

A new liquid Crystal phase: the Twist-Bend nematic phase NTB

In this talk the investigations which led to the experimental confirmation of the existence of a predicted twist-bend nematic phase will be given. The work on the V shaped methylene linked dimer 1",7"-bis(4-cyanobiphenyl-4'-yl) heptane (CB7CB)... See more

In this talk the investigations which led to the experimental confirmation of the existence of a predicted twist-bend nematic phase will be given. The work on the V shaped methylene linked dimer 1",7"-bis(4-cyanobiphenyl-4'-yl) heptane (CB7CB) - involving the use of a range of experimental techniques and in particular deuterium NMR spectroscopy-showed the presence of a nematic phase on cooling from the isotropic phase(~1150C). On further cooling below 1030C another first order transition was observed to occur leading to another liquid-crystal phase1. This lower temperature phase was initially identified as a smectic phase2. However, the final and correct identification of the phase was very recently achieved: as a "twist-bend" nematic phase1 and assigned the symbol NTB. This confirms the prediction made by Dozov3 in 2001 that such a phase could be formed when the bend elastic constant K3 becomes negative. The NTB nematic behaves as a chiral phase although the component molecules themselves are not chiral. The optical texture of this phase has rope-like stripes with each stripe having the opposite handedness from its neighbours. Further recent work using deuterium NMR has shown that non-chiral molecules dissolved in the NTB phase (like CB7CB) display chiral behaviour4. The chiral nature of the NTB phase was further demonstrated in a mixture of V-shaped molecules with one having methylene linkages5. The final part of the talk will touch briefly on the current investigation of a V shaped compound6 in which an un-identified phase is reported to occur below a normal nematic phase. It is believed that the unknown phase will prove to be a twist-bend NTB nematic phase. This work is being carried out at the University Southampton by Miss A Dawood, a postgraduate student from the University of Zakho, in partial fulfilment of the PhD at the University of Zakho.

Presentation

Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, University of Zakho

2020-03

Synthesis, Identification and Biological Activity of New Hetero cyclic Compounds from Reaction of New Schiff-Bases with Phathalic Anhydride

Published Paper in Science Journal of University of Zakho, 8(1), 12-18

2020