2026-09

Ethical Lingua: Journal of Language Teaching and Literature (القضية : 2) (الحجم : 13)

The research applies Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), particularly using Fairclough's Three-Dimensional Model to look at how naming serves ideological and discursive functions through Florence Knapp's The Names. By using a qualitative textual analysis method, the study investigates how The Names Gordon, Bear, and Julian create different identity structures, types of social positioning, and types of emotional development throughout the text. Each passage analyzed contributes to three narrative elements of the text, which include textual representation, discursive practice, and social practice. The study reveals that naming is a mechanism for creating ideological power rather than being simply an act of language. The name Gordon conveys patriarchal authority and inherited power, Bear represents masculine emotional connections and protection, and Julian represents individuality and resistance to oppressive social structures. In conclusion, the research finds that naming within literary discourse is a site where identity, ideology and social power are constructed and reconstructed, processed and reproduced.

2026-08

Journal Of Babylon Center for Humanities Studies (القضية : 8) (الحجم : 16)

The focus of this research is on formulaic language as an interactive tool utilized by intermediate EFL Kurdish students to enhance their pragmatic fluency. Although formulaic sequences are known to alleviate cognitive loads, their role in managing turn-taking and conversation maxims does not receive much attention within Kurdish contexts, as previous studies have mainly concentrated on non-lexical fillers. By combining Conversation Analysis with Grice’s Cooperative Principle, this qualitative micro-analytic research focuses on the ten task-based conversations that were recorded at Salahaddin University, Erbil (41.5 minutes and 20 undergraduate participants). After coding 187 instances of formulaic language into five functional categories, the analysis indicates that formulaic chunks help to achieve the immediate ownership of the floor and prevent delays in transitioning from one speaker to another, while their absence causes problems such as prolonged pauses and faltering speech. Furthermore, using formulaic expressions helps to act as pragmatic hedges and to violate or soften some of Grice’s maxims with the help of code-switched L1 markers such as, for example, Wallah and Shukur. In general, the outlined findings contribute to the theories of psycholinguistics, making it possible to argue that teaching students how to use frames and hedges in conversation instead of treating them as unattainable deficits might prove useful.

2026-05

Journal Of Babylon Center for Humanities Studies (القضية : 5) (الحجم : 16)

One of the most influential works in the Islamic intellectual tradition, Iḥyāʾ ʿulūm al-Dīn (The Revival of the Religious Sciences, 1095-1106 CE) by Al-Ghazali has been given little attention as a rhetorical artefact. This paper fills that gap through a rhetorical-stylistic analysis of the Iḥyāʾ, exploring the ways Al-Ghazali appeals to the classical appeals of ethos, pathos, and logos to negotiate the power, induce spiritual change, and authorise the unification of Islamic law (sharīʿa) with mystical interiority (ḥaqīqa). Based on a purposive corpus of passages in the khuhtba (preface), the Book of Knowledge, the Book of the Wonders of the Heart, and the Book of Remembrance of Death, the analysis reveals that Al-Ghazali develops a three-part persuasive structure where authority is asserted and exercised simultaneously; emotive appeals are made using eschatological imagery and rhymed prose. Importantly, the three appeals do not operate independently, e.g. Quranic citation as such is at the same time an intertextual ethos, a communal logos, and an affective pathos. Placing its results in the context of both Aristotelian rhetoric theory and the native Arabic balagha, the paper argues that the Iḥyāʾ is a kind of integrated rhetoric that challenges strictly linear approaches to persuasion and rhetoric, and the stylistics of devotional prose.

2026-04

Journal of Sustainable Studies (القضية : 2) (الحجم : 8)

Examines relationship between speaking fluency and implicature use Focuses on EFL (English as a Foreign Language) university students

2025-09

Humanities Journal of University of Zakho (القضية : 3) (الحجم : 13)

Focuses on implicatures in Northern Kurmanji (Kurdish dialect) Uses conversational data from speakers in Kurdistan Examines pragmatic functions and Gricean maxims

2021-01

Nawroz University Journal (القضية : 1) (الحجم : 10)

There are a number of different categories of enriching English vocabulary, which are grouped into smaller methods based on the way they function. Some methods are productive, while some others are creative. Besides, some methods are more or less frequent/productive than others which may be due to a number of reasons such as the nature of the language itself and possibly the period the language is undergone on. Therefore, three different years from different centuries, precisely 1785, 1885, and 1985, are taken from Oxford English Dictionary (OED) to discover the frequency/productivity of the methods in each. The concrete results show that the language and time play a role in the frequency and productivity of each method. They also indicate that the frequency of some methods has gradually increased while of some others decreased.

2020-10

Zanco Journal of Humanity Sciences (القضية : 24) (الحجم : 3)

Language as a constantly changing aspect of life experiences different changes that include, inter alia, vocabulary, grammar, sounds. Some of the words that were used in Old English are no longer in use. This paper deals with the loss of a number of directional adverbs that were vitally in use in Old English while disappeared in Present Day English (PDE). A group of seven adverbs were selected to serve as data for this research. Each adverb is examined separately in the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), the Corpus of Historical American English (COHA), and Oxford English Dictionary (OED) to find their frequency, meaning, and the context of their usage within two centuries. The results showed that there was a prominent decline in the frequency of the given adverbs. Nevertheless, the frequency rates fluctuated through decades to reach an absolute disappearance in Present Day English. Due to the lack of the scholarly work on this issue, the reason behind the loss of these adverbs is remained unclear.